As Valentine’s Day quickly approaches, the stores are a sea of red, white and pink.

Some people reach for a heart-shaped trinket, while others may opt for the standard teddy bear. Some people, on the other hand, may be headed to the local grocery store.

For thousands of years, certain foods have been named as having aphrodisiac properties. An aphrodisiac is loosely defined as any substance that promotes, enhances, or even creates romantic desire. Named for Aphrodite, the goddess of love, each culture around the world is sure to have a list of foods that help set the mood.  

But do these ancient remedies have any merit in the world of science? After decades of research on the topic, three general theories have emerged to help explain how aphrodisiacs might work.

Sexual desire is based on hormones. Hormones are naturally occurring chemicals that are produced by our brains. Hormones tell our bodies what to do. The first theory suggests that many foods contain chemicals that are similar to natural hormones, and influence our bodies accordingly.

One of the most popular aphrodisiacs thought to be chemically based is chocolate.
Used to promote romance since the early days of the Aztecs, chocolate contains chemicals called serotonin and phenylethylamine.

Both are “feel-good” chemicals that are naturally produced in our bodies. By increasing these hormones, individuals may feel happier, excited, and attracted to their partners.

The second theory explains that certain foods have high doses of specific nutrients. These nutrients directly influence the production of sex hormones.

The very popular aphrodisiac oysters, for example, are very high in zinc. Zinc is linked to testosterone levels (which impacts libido in males and females) and also influences healthy sperm production.

Although this theory seems sound, it was probably more prevalent when aphrodisiacs were being “discovered” centuries ago. People of the past were commonly nutrient deficient; therefore, a healthy dose of any nutrient-rich food would have contributed to their overall well-being and activity level.

Finally, the third theory hints at the fact that many aphrodisiacs resemble male or female anatomy. By consuming the food, your brain makes the association, and your body reacts accordingly.

Most scientists are quick to point out that the brain plays a large role in all aphrodisiac use. If you think something is going to work, it probably will to some degree.

To explore more about Sex, Love and Attraction, Science North will be hosting a Science Café on Feb. 7 at the Laughing Buddha Café.

Panelists Dr. Frank Mallory, Dr. Michael White and Dr. Albrecht Schulte-Hostedde will reflect on the concepts from a biological, physiological and social perspective, while inviting comments and questions from the audience.

Start time is 7:30 p.m., and admission is free.

Leigha Benford is the Today's Science intern at Science North, covering the most up-to-date events in science and technology.